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<h1 id="_1">服务端开发环境搭建</h1>
<h2 id="1">1 实验类型</h2>
<p>验证型，2学时，必选实验</p>
<h2 id="2">2 实验目的</h2>
<p>掌握JSP运行环境的安装与配置；掌握STS4中Tomcat注册过程；掌握JSP页面的部署及调试过程</p>
<h2 id="3">3 实验要求</h2>
<p>完成各实验步骤并对关键结果截图</p>
<h2 id="4">4 实验环境</h2>
<p>Windows 7 64，JDK 8u311，Tomcat 9.0.54，STS4，<code>Microsoft Edge/Chrome/Firefox</code>等浏览器</p>
<p>Windows 7 64，Open JDK 23+，Tomcat 9.0.54，STS4，<code>Microsoft Edge/Chrome/Firefox</code>等浏览器</p>
<h2 id="5">5 实验步骤</h2>
<h3 id="jdk">安装JDK</h3>
<p>为服务器安装Java运行环境，JDK使用比较成熟的版本（<a href="https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase/javase8-archive-downloads.html">https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase/javase8-archive-downloads.html</a>），步骤如下：</p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>按默认配置安装<code>jdk-8u311-windows-x64.exe</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>为Java增加<code>环境变量</code>；在<code>开始/设置/控制面板/系统/高级/环境变量/系统变量</code>中新建两个环境变量：</p>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>JAVA_HOME</strong>:{JAVA_HOME}</p>
<p><strong>JRE_HOME</strong>:{JAVA_HOME}\jre</p>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li>
<p>将<code>JAVA_HOME</code>添加到<code>Path</code>变量</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>确认Java安装成功，进入cmd命令行运行如下命令查看<code>Java版本号</code>：</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>java<span class="w"> </span>–version
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="tomcat">安装Tomcat</h3>
<p>安装Tomcat服务器。在官网（<a href="https://tomcat.apache.org/download-90.cgi">https://tomcat.apache.org/download-90.cgi</a>）下载安装包。Windows下有两种方式：安装包、压缩包，本实验选择压缩包，步骤如下：</p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>安装（解压）<code>apache-tomcat-9.0.71-windows-x64.zip</code>到目录<code>C:/App/Tomcat 9.0</code></p>
<blockquote>
<p>注意端口号为:8080</p>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li>
<p>在控制台（推荐Vscode终端）运行<code>bin/startup.bat</code>启动Tomcat</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>打开<code>浏览器</code>访问<code>http://localhost:8080</code>，确认<code>Tomcat首页</code>是否能正常显示</p>
</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="sts-4">安装STS 4</h3>
<p>安装集成开发环境STS4，在官网（<a href="https://spring.io/tools">https://spring.io/tools</a>）下载适合本地电脑的版本，以Spring Tools 4 for Eclipse Windows X86_64为例，具体步骤如下：</p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>安装（解压）<code>sts-4.17.2.RELEASE.zip</code>到目录<code>C:/App/Sts4</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>启动<code>SpringToolSuite4.exe</code>，确认软件能正常运行</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>打开菜单<code>Help/Install New Software...</code>，在<strong>Work with</strong>:输入<code>Juno - http://download.eclipse.org/releases/juno</code>，在下方组件中选择<strong>Web, XML, Java EE and OSGi Enterprise Development</strong>，并在下一级组件中勾选以下组件：</p>
<ol class="task-list">
<li class="task-list-item"><label class="task-list-control"><input type="checkbox" disabled checked/><span class="task-list-indicator"></span></label> Eclipse Java EE Developer Tools</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><label class="task-list-control"><input type="checkbox" disabled checked/><span class="task-list-indicator"></span></label> Eclipse Java Web Developer Tools</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><label class="task-list-control"><input type="checkbox" disabled checked/><span class="task-list-indicator"></span></label> Eclipse Web Developer Tools</li>
<li class="task-list-item"><label class="task-list-control"><input type="checkbox" disabled checked/><span class="task-list-indicator"></span></label> Eclipse XML Editors and Tools</li>
</ol>
</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="jsp">创建JSP测试工程</h3>
<p>创建一个JSP工程，在页面中使用Java代码输出问候字符串，步骤如下：</p>
<ol>
<li>
<p>创建工作目录：<code>C:/{学号}</code></p>
<blockquote>
<p>后续文件均存放在工作目录</p>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li>
<p>启动<strong>STS4</strong>（Workspace指向工作目录），创建名为<code>HelloJsp</code>的Web工程（<code>File/New/Project/Web/Dynamic Web</code>），向导过程中修改配置如下：</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>选项</th>
<th>值</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>Project Name</td>
<td>HelloJsp</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Generate web.xml deployment descriptor</td>
<td>选中</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</li>
<li>
<p>注册<code>Tocmat服务器</code>；在<strong>Servers视图</strong>（默认<strong>在STS4界面下方</strong>，也可通过菜单<code>Window/Show View/Servers</code>打开）添加<code>Apache/Tomcat 9</code></p>
<blockquote>
<p>关键设置：1. 指定<strong>Tomcat 9安装目录</strong>；2. JRE选择<strong>jre</strong></p>
</blockquote>
</li>
<li>
<p>配置<code>服务器运行时</code>，在工程的快捷菜单中选择<code>Build Path/Configure Build Path.../Libraries/Class Path/Add Library/Server Runtime/Apache Tomcat 9.0</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>创建<code>webapp/index.jsp</code>，参考代码如下：</p>
<div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><th colspan="2" class="filename"><span class="filename">HelloJsp/src/main/webapp/index.jsp</span></th></tr><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span></span><span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-1"> 1</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-2"> 2</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-3"> 3</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-4"> 4</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-5"> 5</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-6"> 6</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-7"> 7</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-8"> 8</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-9"> 9</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-10">10</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-11">11</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-12">12</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-13">13</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-14">14</a></span>
<span class="normal"><a href="#__codelineno-1-15">15</a></span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="err">&lt;</span>%@ page language=&quot;java&quot; contentType=&quot;text/html; charset=utf-8&quot; 
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2"></a>  import=&quot;java.util.*&quot; pageEncoding=&quot;utf-8&quot;%&gt;
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="cp">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">charset</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;utf-8&quot;</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>Hello JSP<span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">head</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="p">&lt;</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="err">&lt;</span>%
<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11"></a>  Date now = new Date();
<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12"></a>  out.print(&quot;Hello Jsp:&quot; + now);
<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13"></a>%&gt;
<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="p">&lt;/</span><span class="nt">html</span><span class="p">&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>启动工程；在工程快捷菜单中运行<code>Run As/Run On Server</code>将工程部署到Tomcat并启动</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>在浏览器中访问<code>http://localhost:8080/HelloJsp/index.jsp</code>，确认部署成功</p>
</li>
</ol>
<details class="tip">
<summary>运行结果</summary>
<p><iframe src="./src/HelloJspResult/index.jsp.html" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="50"></iframe></p>
</details>












                
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